There has recently been a proliferation of new methods for modulating the brain’s electrical activity. Three examples are Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), transcranial DC stimulation (tDCS) and vagus nerve stimulation. While applications and scenarios of these vary, no consistent explanation of the mechanism of these therapies exists. Our present work includes detailed modeling of DBS and tDCS using finite element methods. The state-of-the-art in modeling is inclusion of white matter anisotropy in brain tissue models. While we use these models we are also developing methods of directly imaging current flow using a variation on MRI-based methods developed in the early 1990s.